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k3d
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Using Podman instead of Docker
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k3d-io/k3d
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Overview
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Guides
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Using Config Files
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Handling Kubeconfigs
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Creating multi-server clusters
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Using Image Registries
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Exposing Services
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Importing modes
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K3s Features in k3d
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Advanced Guides
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Advanced Guides
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Use Calico instead of Flannel
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Running CUDA workloads
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Using Podman instead of Docker
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Using Podman instead of Docker
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Table of contents
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Using Podman
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Using rootless Podman
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Using cgroup (v2)
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Using remote Podman
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Creating local registries
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Commands
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Commands
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K3d
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K3d cluster
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K3d cluster create
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K3d cluster delete
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< h1 id = "using-podman-instead-of-docker" > Using Podman instead of Docker< a class = "headerlink" href = "#using-podman-instead-of-docker" title = "Permanent link" > ¶ < / a > < / h1 >
< p > Podman has an < a href = "https://podman.io/blogs/2020/06/29/podman-v2-announce.html#restful-api" > Docker API compatibility layer< / a > . k3d uses the Docker API and is compatible with Podman v4 and higher.< / p >
< div class = "admonition important" >
< p class = "admonition-title" > Podman support is experimental< / p >
< p > k3d is not guaranteed to work with Podman. If you find a bug, do help by < a href = "https://github.com/k3d-io/k3d/issues/new?labels=bug&template=bug_report.md&title=%5BBUG%5D+Podman" > filing an issue< / a > < / p >
< / div >
< h2 id = "using-podman" > Using Podman< a class = "headerlink" href = "#using-podman" title = "Permanent link" > ¶ < / a > < / h2 >
< p > Ensure the Podman system socket is available:< / p >
< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > sudo systemctl < span class = "nb" > enable< / span > --now podman.socket
< span class = "c1" > # or sudo podman system service --time=0< / span >
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< p > To point k3d at the right Docker socket, create a symbolic link:< / p >
< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > sudo ln -s /run/podman/podman.sock /var/run/docker.sock
< span class = "c1" > # or install your system podman-docker if available< / span >
sudo k3d cluster create
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< p > Alternatively, set < code > DOCKER_HOST< / code > when running k3d:< / p >
< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > < span class = "nb" > export< / span > < span class = "nv" > DOCKER_HOST< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > unix:///run/podman/podman.sock
< span class = "nb" > export< / span > < span class = "nv" > DOCKER_SOCK< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > /run/podman/podman.sock
sudo --preserve-env< span class = "o" > =< / span > DOCKER_HOST --preserve-env< span class = "o" > =< / span > DOCKER_SOCK k3d cluster create
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< h3 id = "using-rootless-podman" > Using rootless Podman< a class = "headerlink" href = "#using-rootless-podman" title = "Permanent link" > ¶ < / a > < / h3 >
< p > Ensure the Podman user socket is available:< / p >
< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > systemctl --user < span class = "nb" > enable< / span > --now podman.socket
< span class = "c1" > # or podman system service --time=0< / span >
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< p > Set < code > DOCKER_HOST< / code > when running k3d:< / p >
< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > < span class = "nv" > XDG_RUNTIME_DIR< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "si" > ${< / span > < span class = "nv" > XDG_RUNTIME_DIR< / span > < span class = "k" > :-< / span > < span class = "p" > /run/user/< / span > < span class = "k" > $(< / span > id -u< span class = "k" > )< / span > < span class = "si" > }< / span >
< span class = "nb" > export< / span > < span class = "nv" > DOCKER_HOST< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > unix://< span class = "nv" > $XDG_RUNTIME_DIR< / span > /podman/podman.sock
< span class = "nb" > export< / span > < span class = "nv" > DOCKER_SOCK< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "nv" > $XDG_RUNTIME_DIR< / span > /podman/podman.sock
k3d cluster create
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< h4 id = "using-cgroup-v2" > Using cgroup (v2)< a class = "headerlink" href = "#using-cgroup-v2" title = "Permanent link" > ¶ < / a > < / h4 >
< p > By default, a non-root user can only get memory controller and pids controller to be delegated.< / p >
< p > To run properly we need to enable CPU, CPUSET, and I/O delegation< / p >
< div class = "admonition note" >
< p class = "admonition-title" > Make sure you’ re running cgroup v2< / p >
< p > If < code > /sys/fs/cgroup/cgroup.controllers< / code > is present on your system, you are using v2, otherwise you are using v1.< / p >
< / div >
< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > mkdir -p /etc/systemd/system/user@.service.d
cat > /etc/systemd/system/user@.service.d/delegate.conf < span class = "s" > < < EOF< / span >
< span class = "s" > [Service]< / span >
< span class = "s" > Delegate=cpu cpuset io memory pids< / span >
< span class = "s" > EOF< / span >
systemctl daemon-reload
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< p > Reference: < a href = "https://rootlesscontaine.rs/getting-started/common/cgroup2/#enabling-cpu-cpuset-and-io-delegation" > https://rootlesscontaine.rs/getting-started/common/cgroup2/#enabling-cpu-cpuset-and-io-delegation< / a > < / p >
< h3 id = "using-remote-podman" > Using remote Podman< a class = "headerlink" href = "#using-remote-podman" title = "Permanent link" > ¶ < / a > < / h3 >
< p > < a href = "https://github.com/containers/podman/blob/main/docs/tutorials/remote_client.md" > Start Podman on the remote host< / a > , and then set < code > DOCKER_HOST< / code > when running k3d:< / p >
< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > export DOCKER_HOST=ssh://username@hostname
export DOCKER_SOCK=/run/user/1000/podman/podman.sock
k3d cluster create
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< h2 id = "creating-local-registries" > Creating local registries< a class = "headerlink" href = "#creating-local-registries" title = "Permanent link" > ¶ < / a > < / h2 >
< p > Because Podman does not have a default “ bridge” network, you have to specify a network using the < code > --default-network< / code > flag when creating a local registry:< / p >
< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > k3d registry create --default-network podman mycluster-registry
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< p > To use this registry with a cluster, pass the < code > --registry-use< / code > flag:< / p >
< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > k3d cluster create --registry-use mycluster-registry mycluster
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< div class = "admonition note" >
< p class = "admonition-title" > Incompatibility with < code > --registry-create< / code > < / p >
< p > Because < code > --registry-create< / code > assumes the default network to be “ bridge” , avoid < code > --registry-create< / code > when using Podman. Instead, always create a registry before creating a cluster.< / p >
< / div >
< div class = "admonition note" >
< p class = "admonition-title" > Missing cpuset cgroup controller< / p >
< p > If you experince an error regarding missing cpuset cgroup controller, ensure the user unit < code > xdg-document-portal.service< / code > is disabled by running < code > systemctl --user stop xdg-document-portal.service< / code > . See < a href = "https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/18293#issuecomment-831397578" > this issue< / a > < / p >
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