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# http-proxy-middleware
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[](https://github.com/chimurai/http-proxy-middleware/actions?query=branch%3Amaster)
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[](https://coveralls.io/r/chimurai/http-proxy-middleware)
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[](https://david-dm.org/chimurai/http-proxy-middleware#info=dependencies)
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[](https://snyk.io/test/npm/http-proxy-middleware)
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[](https://www.npmjs.com/package/http-proxy-middleware)
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Node.js proxying made simple. Configure proxy middleware with ease for [connect](https://github.com/senchalabs/connect), [express](https://github.com/strongloop/express), [browser-sync](https://github.com/BrowserSync/browser-sync) and [many more](#compatible-servers).
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Powered by the popular Nodejitsu [`http-proxy`](https://github.com/nodejitsu/node-http-proxy). [](https://github.com/nodejitsu/node-http-proxy)
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## ⚠️ Note
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This page is showing documentation for version v1.x.x ([release notes](https://github.com/chimurai/http-proxy-middleware/releases))
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If you're looking for v0.x documentation. Go to:
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https://github.com/chimurai/http-proxy-middleware/tree/v0.21.0#readme
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## TL;DR
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Proxy `/api` requests to `http://www.example.org`
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```javascript
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// javascript
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const express = require('express');
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const { createProxyMiddleware } = require('http-proxy-middleware');
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const app = express();
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app.use('/api', createProxyMiddleware({ target: 'http://www.example.org', changeOrigin: true }));
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app.listen(3000);
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// http://localhost:3000/api/foo/bar -> http://www.example.org/api/foo/bar
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```
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```typescript
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// typescript
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import * as express from 'express';
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import { createProxyMiddleware, Filter, Options, RequestHandler } from 'http-proxy-middleware';
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const app = express();
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app.use('/api', createProxyMiddleware({ target: 'http://www.example.org', changeOrigin: true }));
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app.listen(3000);
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// http://localhost:3000/api/foo/bar -> http://www.example.org/api/foo/bar
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```
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_All_ `http-proxy` [options](https://github.com/nodejitsu/node-http-proxy#options) can be used, along with some extra `http-proxy-middleware` [options](#options).
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:bulb: **Tip:** Set the option `changeOrigin` to `true` for [name-based virtual hosted sites](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_hosting#Name-based).
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## Table of Contents
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<!-- MarkdownTOC autolink=true bracket=round depth=2 -->
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- [Install](#install)
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- [Core concept](#core-concept)
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- [Example](#example)
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- [Context matching](#context-matching)
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- [Options](#options)
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- [http-proxy-middleware options](#http-proxy-middleware-options)
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- [http-proxy events](#http-proxy-events)
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- [http-proxy options](#http-proxy-options)
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- [Shorthand](#shorthand)
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- [app.use\(path, proxy\)](#appusepath-proxy)
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- [WebSocket](#websocket)
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- [External WebSocket upgrade](#external-websocket-upgrade)
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- [Intercept and manipulate requests](#intercept-and-manipulate-requests)
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- [Intercept and manipulate responses](#intercept-and-manipulate-responses)
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- [Working examples](#working-examples)
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- [Recipes](#recipes)
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- [Compatible servers](#compatible-servers)
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- [Tests](#tests)
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- [Changelog](#changelog)
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- [License](#license)
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<!-- /MarkdownTOC -->
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## Install
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```bash
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$ npm install --save-dev http-proxy-middleware
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```
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## Core concept
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Proxy middleware configuration.
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#### createProxyMiddleware([context,] config)
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```javascript
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const { createProxyMiddleware } = require('http-proxy-middleware');
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const apiProxy = createProxyMiddleware('/api', { target: 'http://www.example.org' });
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// \____/ \_____________________________/
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// | |
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// context options
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// 'apiProxy' is now ready to be used as middleware in a server.
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```
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- **context**: Determine which requests should be proxied to the target host.
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(more on [context matching](#context-matching))
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- **options.target**: target host to proxy to. _(protocol + host)_
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(full list of [`http-proxy-middleware` configuration options](#options))
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#### createProxyMiddleware(uri [, config])
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```javascript
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// shorthand syntax for the example above:
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const apiProxy = createProxyMiddleware('http://www.example.org/api');
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```
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More about the [shorthand configuration](#shorthand).
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## Example
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An example with `express` server.
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```javascript
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// include dependencies
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const express = require('express');
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const { createProxyMiddleware } = require('http-proxy-middleware');
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// proxy middleware options
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const options = {
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target: 'http://www.example.org', // target host
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changeOrigin: true, // needed for virtual hosted sites
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ws: true, // proxy websockets
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pathRewrite: {
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'^/api/old-path': '/api/new-path', // rewrite path
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'^/api/remove/path': '/path', // remove base path
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},
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router: {
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// when request.headers.host == 'dev.localhost:3000',
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// override target 'http://www.example.org' to 'http://localhost:8000'
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'dev.localhost:3000': 'http://localhost:8000',
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},
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};
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// create the proxy (without context)
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const exampleProxy = createProxyMiddleware(options);
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// mount `exampleProxy` in web server
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const app = express();
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app.use('/api', exampleProxy);
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app.listen(3000);
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```
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## Context matching
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Providing an alternative way to decide which requests should be proxied; In case you are not able to use the server's [`path` parameter](http://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#app.use) to mount the proxy or when you need more flexibility.
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[RFC 3986 `path`](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-3.3) is used for context matching.
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```ascii
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foo://example.com:8042/over/there?name=ferret#nose
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\_/ \______________/\_________/ \_________/ \__/
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| | | | |
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scheme authority path query fragment
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```
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- **path matching**
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- `createProxyMiddleware({...})` - matches any path, all requests will be proxied.
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- `createProxyMiddleware('/', {...})` - matches any path, all requests will be proxied.
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- `createProxyMiddleware('/api', {...})` - matches paths starting with `/api`
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- **multiple path matching**
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- `createProxyMiddleware(['/api', '/ajax', '/someotherpath'], {...})`
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- **wildcard path matching**
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For fine-grained control you can use wildcard matching. Glob pattern matching is done by _micromatch_. Visit [micromatch](https://www.npmjs.com/package/micromatch) or [glob](https://www.npmjs.com/package/glob) for more globbing examples.
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- `createProxyMiddleware('**', {...})` matches any path, all requests will be proxied.
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- `createProxyMiddleware('**/*.html', {...})` matches any path which ends with `.html`
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- `createProxyMiddleware('/*.html', {...})` matches paths directly under path-absolute
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- `createProxyMiddleware('/api/**/*.html', {...})` matches requests ending with `.html` in the path of `/api`
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- `createProxyMiddleware(['/api/**', '/ajax/**'], {...})` combine multiple patterns
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- `createProxyMiddleware(['/api/**', '!**/bad.json'], {...})` exclusion
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**Note**: In multiple path matching, you cannot use string paths and wildcard paths together.
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- **custom matching**
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For full control you can provide a custom function to determine which requests should be proxied or not.
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```javascript
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/**
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* @return {Boolean}
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*/
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const filter = function (pathname, req) {
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return pathname.match('^/api') && req.method === 'GET';
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};
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const apiProxy = createProxyMiddleware(filter, {
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target: 'http://www.example.org',
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});
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```
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## Options
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### http-proxy-middleware options
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- **option.pathRewrite**: object/function, rewrite target's url path. Object-keys will be used as _RegExp_ to match paths.
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```javascript
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// rewrite path
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pathRewrite: {'^/old/api' : '/new/api'}
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// remove path
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pathRewrite: {'^/remove/api' : ''}
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// add base path
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pathRewrite: {'^/' : '/basepath/'}
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// custom rewriting
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pathRewrite: function (path, req) { return path.replace('/api', '/base/api') }
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// custom rewriting, returning Promise
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pathRewrite: async function (path, req) {
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const should_add_something = await httpRequestToDecideSomething(path);
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if (should_add_something) path += "something";
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return path;
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}
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```
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- **option.router**: object/function, re-target `option.target` for specific requests.
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```javascript
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// Use `host` and/or `path` to match requests. First match will be used.
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// The order of the configuration matters.
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router: {
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'integration.localhost:3000' : 'http://localhost:8001', // host only
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'staging.localhost:3000' : 'http://localhost:8002', // host only
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'localhost:3000/api' : 'http://localhost:8003', // host + path
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'/rest' : 'http://localhost:8004' // path only
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}
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// Custom router function (string target)
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router: function(req) {
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return 'http://localhost:8004';
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}
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// Custom router function (target object)
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router: function(req) {
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return {
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protocol: 'https:', // The : is required
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host: 'localhost',
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port: 8004
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};
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}
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// Asynchronous router function which returns promise
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router: async function(req) {
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const url = await doSomeIO();
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return url;
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}
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```
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- **option.logLevel**: string, ['debug', 'info', 'warn', 'error', 'silent']. Default: `'info'`
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- **option.logProvider**: function, modify or replace log provider. Default: `console`.
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```javascript
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// simple replace
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function logProvider(provider) {
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// replace the default console log provider.
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return require('winston');
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}
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```
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```javascript
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// verbose replacement
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function logProvider(provider) {
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const logger = new (require('winston').Logger)();
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const myCustomProvider = {
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log: logger.log,
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debug: logger.debug,
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info: logger.info,
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warn: logger.warn,
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error: logger.error,
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};
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return myCustomProvider;
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}
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```
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### http-proxy events
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Subscribe to [http-proxy events](https://github.com/nodejitsu/node-http-proxy#listening-for-proxy-events):
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- **option.onError**: function, subscribe to http-proxy's `error` event for custom error handling.
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```javascript
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function onError(err, req, res, target) {
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res.writeHead(500, {
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'Content-Type': 'text/plain',
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});
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res.end('Something went wrong. And we are reporting a custom error message.');
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}
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```
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- **option.onProxyRes**: function, subscribe to http-proxy's `proxyRes` event.
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```javascript
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function onProxyRes(proxyRes, req, res) {
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proxyRes.headers['x-added'] = 'foobar'; // add new header to response
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delete proxyRes.headers['x-removed']; // remove header from response
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}
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```
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- **option.onProxyReq**: function, subscribe to http-proxy's `proxyReq` event.
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```javascript
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function onProxyReq(proxyReq, req, res) {
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// add custom header to request
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proxyReq.setHeader('x-added', 'foobar');
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// or log the req
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}
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```
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- **option.onProxyReqWs**: function, subscribe to http-proxy's `proxyReqWs` event.
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```javascript
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function onProxyReqWs(proxyReq, req, socket, options, head) {
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// add custom header
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proxyReq.setHeader('X-Special-Proxy-Header', 'foobar');
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}
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```
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- **option.onOpen**: function, subscribe to http-proxy's `open` event.
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```javascript
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function onOpen(proxySocket) {
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// listen for messages coming FROM the target here
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proxySocket.on('data', hybiParseAndLogMessage);
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}
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```
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- **option.onClose**: function, subscribe to http-proxy's `close` event.
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```javascript
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function onClose(res, socket, head) {
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// view disconnected websocket connections
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console.log('Client disconnected');
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}
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```
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### http-proxy options
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The following options are provided by the underlying [http-proxy](https://github.com/nodejitsu/node-http-proxy#options) library.
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- **option.target**: url string to be parsed with the url module
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- **option.forward**: url string to be parsed with the url module
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- **option.agent**: object to be passed to http(s).request (see Node's [https agent](http://nodejs.org/api/https.html#https_class_https_agent) and [http agent](http://nodejs.org/api/http.html#http_class_http_agent) objects)
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- **option.ssl**: object to be passed to https.createServer()
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- **option.ws**: true/false: if you want to proxy websockets
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- **option.xfwd**: true/false, adds x-forward headers
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- **option.secure**: true/false, if you want to verify the SSL Certs
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- **option.toProxy**: true/false, passes the absolute URL as the `path` (useful for proxying to proxies)
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- **option.prependPath**: true/false, Default: true - specify whether you want to prepend the target's path to the proxy path
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- **option.ignorePath**: true/false, Default: false - specify whether you want to ignore the proxy path of the incoming request (note: you will have to append / manually if required).
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- **option.localAddress** : Local interface string to bind for outgoing connections
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- **option.changeOrigin**: true/false, Default: false - changes the origin of the host header to the target URL
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- **option.preserveHeaderKeyCase**: true/false, Default: false - specify whether you want to keep letter case of response header key
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- **option.auth** : Basic authentication i.e. 'user:password' to compute an Authorization header.
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- **option.hostRewrite**: rewrites the location hostname on (301/302/307/308) redirects.
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- **option.autoRewrite**: rewrites the location host/port on (301/302/307/308) redirects based on requested host/port. Default: false.
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- **option.protocolRewrite**: rewrites the location protocol on (301/302/307/308) redirects to 'http' or 'https'. Default: null.
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- **option.cookieDomainRewrite**: rewrites domain of `set-cookie` headers. Possible values:
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- `false` (default): disable cookie rewriting
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- String: new domain, for example `cookieDomainRewrite: "new.domain"`. To remove the domain, use `cookieDomainRewrite: ""`.
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- Object: mapping of domains to new domains, use `"*"` to match all domains.
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For example keep one domain unchanged, rewrite one domain and remove other domains:
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```json
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cookieDomainRewrite: {
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"unchanged.domain": "unchanged.domain",
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"old.domain": "new.domain",
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"*": ""
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}
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```
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- **option.cookiePathRewrite**: rewrites path of `set-cookie` headers. Possible values:
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- `false` (default): disable cookie rewriting
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- String: new path, for example `cookiePathRewrite: "/newPath/"`. To remove the path, use `cookiePathRewrite: ""`. To set path to root use `cookiePathRewrite: "/"`.
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- Object: mapping of paths to new paths, use `"*"` to match all paths.
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For example, to keep one path unchanged, rewrite one path and remove other paths:
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```json
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cookiePathRewrite: {
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"/unchanged.path/": "/unchanged.path/",
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"/old.path/": "/new.path/",
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"*": ""
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}
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```
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- **option.headers**: object, adds [request headers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields#Request_fields). (Example: `{host:'www.example.org'}`)
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- **option.proxyTimeout**: timeout (in millis) when proxy receives no response from target
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- **option.timeout**: timeout (in millis) for incoming requests
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- **option.followRedirects**: true/false, Default: false - specify whether you want to follow redirects
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- **option.selfHandleResponse** true/false, if set to true, none of the webOutgoing passes are called and it's your responsibility to appropriately return the response by listening and acting on the `proxyRes` event
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- **option.buffer**: stream of data to send as the request body. Maybe you have some middleware that consumes the request stream before proxying it on e.g. If you read the body of a request into a field called 'req.rawbody' you could restream this field in the buffer option:
|
|
|
|
|
|
```javascript
|
|
|
'use strict';
|
|
|
|
|
|
const streamify = require('stream-array');
|
|
|
const HttpProxy = require('http-proxy');
|
|
|
const proxy = new HttpProxy();
|
|
|
|
|
|
module.exports = (req, res, next) => {
|
|
|
proxy.web(
|
|
|
req,
|
|
|
res,
|
|
|
{
|
|
|
target: 'http://localhost:4003/',
|
|
|
buffer: streamify(req.rawBody),
|
|
|
},
|
|
|
next
|
|
|
);
|
|
|
};
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Shorthand
|
|
|
|
|
|
Use the shorthand syntax when verbose configuration is not needed. The `context` and `option.target` will be automatically configured when shorthand is used. Options can still be used if needed.
|
|
|
|
|
|
```javascript
|
|
|
createProxyMiddleware('http://www.example.org:8000/api');
|
|
|
// createProxyMiddleware('/api', {target: 'http://www.example.org:8000'});
|
|
|
|
|
|
createProxyMiddleware('http://www.example.org:8000/api/books/*/**.json');
|
|
|
// createProxyMiddleware('/api/books/*/**.json', {target: 'http://www.example.org:8000'});
|
|
|
|
|
|
createProxyMiddleware('http://www.example.org:8000/api', { changeOrigin: true });
|
|
|
// createProxyMiddleware('/api', {target: 'http://www.example.org:8000', changeOrigin: true});
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
### app.use(path, proxy)
|
|
|
|
|
|
If you want to use the server's `app.use` `path` parameter to match requests;
|
|
|
Create and mount the proxy without the http-proxy-middleware `context` parameter:
|
|
|
|
|
|
```javascript
|
|
|
app.use('/api', createProxyMiddleware({ target: 'http://www.example.org', changeOrigin: true }));
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
`app.use` documentation:
|
|
|
|
|
|
- express: http://expressjs.com/en/4x/api.html#app.use
|
|
|
- connect: https://github.com/senchalabs/connect#mount-middleware
|
|
|
- polka: https://github.com/lukeed/polka#usebase-fn
|
|
|
|
|
|
## WebSocket
|
|
|
|
|
|
```javascript
|
|
|
// verbose api
|
|
|
createProxyMiddleware('/', { target: 'http://echo.websocket.org', ws: true });
|
|
|
|
|
|
// shorthand
|
|
|
createProxyMiddleware('http://echo.websocket.org', { ws: true });
|
|
|
|
|
|
// shorter shorthand
|
|
|
createProxyMiddleware('ws://echo.websocket.org');
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
### External WebSocket upgrade
|
|
|
|
|
|
In the previous WebSocket examples, http-proxy-middleware relies on a initial http request in order to listen to the http `upgrade` event. If you need to proxy WebSockets without the initial http request, you can subscribe to the server's http `upgrade` event manually.
|
|
|
|
|
|
```javascript
|
|
|
const wsProxy = createProxyMiddleware('ws://echo.websocket.org', { changeOrigin: true });
|
|
|
|
|
|
const app = express();
|
|
|
app.use(wsProxy);
|
|
|
|
|
|
const server = app.listen(3000);
|
|
|
server.on('upgrade', wsProxy.upgrade); // <-- subscribe to http 'upgrade'
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Intercept and manipulate requests
|
|
|
|
|
|
Intercept requests from downstream by defining `onProxyReq` in `createProxyMiddleware`.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Currently the only pre-provided request interceptor is `fixRequestBody`, which is used to fix proxied POST requests when `bodyParser` is applied before this middleware.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Example:
|
|
|
|
|
|
```javascript
|
|
|
const { createProxyMiddleware, fixRequestBody } = require('http-proxy-middleware');
|
|
|
|
|
|
const proxy = createProxyMiddleware({
|
|
|
/**
|
|
|
* Fix bodyParser
|
|
|
**/
|
|
|
onProxyReq: fixRequestBody,
|
|
|
});
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Intercept and manipulate responses
|
|
|
|
|
|
Intercept responses from upstream with `responseInterceptor`. (Make sure to set `selfHandleResponse: true`)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Responses which are compressed with `brotli`, `gzip` and `deflate` will be decompressed automatically. The response will be returned as `buffer` ([docs](https://nodejs.org/api/buffer.html)) which you can manipulate.
|
|
|
|
|
|
With `buffer`, response manipulation is not limited to text responses (html/css/js, etc...); image manipulation will be possible too. ([example](https://github.com/chimurai/http-proxy-middleware/blob/master/recipes/response-interceptor.md#manipulate-image-response))
|
|
|
|
|
|
NOTE: `responseInterceptor` disables streaming of target's response.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Example:
|
|
|
|
|
|
```javascript
|
|
|
const { createProxyMiddleware, responseInterceptor } = require('http-proxy-middleware');
|
|
|
|
|
|
const proxy = createProxyMiddleware({
|
|
|
/**
|
|
|
* IMPORTANT: avoid res.end being called automatically
|
|
|
**/
|
|
|
selfHandleResponse: true, // res.end() will be called internally by responseInterceptor()
|
|
|
|
|
|
/**
|
|
|
* Intercept response and replace 'Hello' with 'Goodbye'
|
|
|
**/
|
|
|
onProxyRes: responseInterceptor(async (responseBuffer, proxyRes, req, res) => {
|
|
|
const response = responseBuffer.toString('utf8'); // convert buffer to string
|
|
|
return response.replace('Hello', 'Goodbye'); // manipulate response and return the result
|
|
|
}),
|
|
|
});
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
Check out [interception recipes](https://github.com/chimurai/http-proxy-middleware/blob/master/recipes/response-interceptor.md#readme) for more examples.
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Working examples
|
|
|
|
|
|
View and play around with [working examples](https://github.com/chimurai/http-proxy-middleware/tree/master/examples).
|
|
|
|
|
|
- Browser-Sync ([example source](https://github.com/chimurai/http-proxy-middleware/tree/master/examples/browser-sync/index.js))
|
|
|
- express ([example source](https://github.com/chimurai/http-proxy-middleware/tree/master/examples/express/index.js))
|
|
|
- connect ([example source](https://github.com/chimurai/http-proxy-middleware/tree/master/examples/connect/index.js))
|
|
|
- WebSocket ([example source](https://github.com/chimurai/http-proxy-middleware/tree/master/examples/websocket/index.js))
|
|
|
- Response Manipulation ([example source](https://github.com/chimurai/http-proxy-middleware/blob/master/examples/response-interceptor/index.js))
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Recipes
|
|
|
|
|
|
View the [recipes](https://github.com/chimurai/http-proxy-middleware/tree/master/recipes) for common use cases.
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Compatible servers
|
|
|
|
|
|
`http-proxy-middleware` is compatible with the following servers:
|
|
|
|
|
|
- [connect](https://www.npmjs.com/package/connect)
|
|
|
- [express](https://www.npmjs.com/package/express)
|
|
|
- [fastify](https://www.npmjs.com/package/fastify)
|
|
|
- [browser-sync](https://www.npmjs.com/package/browser-sync)
|
|
|
- [lite-server](https://www.npmjs.com/package/lite-server)
|
|
|
- [polka](https://github.com/lukeed/polka)
|
|
|
- [grunt-contrib-connect](https://www.npmjs.com/package/grunt-contrib-connect)
|
|
|
- [grunt-browser-sync](https://www.npmjs.com/package/grunt-browser-sync)
|
|
|
- [gulp-connect](https://www.npmjs.com/package/gulp-connect)
|
|
|
- [gulp-webserver](https://www.npmjs.com/package/gulp-webserver)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sample implementations can be found in the [server recipes](https://github.com/chimurai/http-proxy-middleware/tree/master/recipes/servers.md).
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Tests
|
|
|
|
|
|
Run the test suite:
|
|
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
|
# install dependencies
|
|
|
$ yarn
|
|
|
|
|
|
# linting
|
|
|
$ yarn lint
|
|
|
$ yarn lint:fix
|
|
|
|
|
|
# building (compile typescript to js)
|
|
|
$ yarn build
|
|
|
|
|
|
# unit tests
|
|
|
$ yarn test
|
|
|
|
|
|
# code coverage
|
|
|
$ yarn cover
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Changelog
|
|
|
|
|
|
- [View changelog](https://github.com/chimurai/http-proxy-middleware/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md)
|
|
|
|
|
|
## License
|
|
|
|
|
|
The MIT License (MIT)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Copyright (c) 2015-2021 Steven Chim
|
|
|
|
